Economic development and ecological protection should be promoted simultaneously.

Some places are suitable for the development of agriculture, some for the development of industry, and some places should pay attention to the conservation of ecology. China is a vast country with different natural and resource conditions in different regions. It can not be developed according to a unified model, but must be rationally utilized according to its main function. In 2010, the State Council issued the National Plan for Major Functional Areas, which divides China's land and space into optimized development areas, key development areas, restricted development areas and prohibited development areas according to the mode of development, so as to promote the formation of a pattern of land and space development in which population, economy, resources and environment are coordinated.

In late May this year, the CPPCC National Committee invited a visiting delegation of the Standing Committee to Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to carry out inspections on "the planning and construction of the main functional areas". The delegation heard a briefing from the government of the autonomous region and visited on the spot the wind energy development enterprises in Turpan, the Horgos port in Yili Prefecture and the Aleh port. Thai region also Raman herdsmen settlement project, Kashgar region old city transformation and Economic Development Zone development, in-depth understanding of the production and living conditions of the people of all ethnic groups.

Xinjiang regards the main functional area as an important grasp in the strategic adjustment of economic structure and transformation of economic development mode, the realization of regional coordinated development, the promotion of resource conservation and environmental protection, and steadily promotes the construction of the main functional area. Since the 12th Five-Year Plan, the autonomous region has completed 11.77 million mu of afforestation, and the forest coverage has increased from 4.02% at the end of the 11th Five-Year Plan to 4.24%. Eleven hydropower stations were suspended in the region, more than 400 polluted enterprises were shut down, grazing was prohibited on 150 million mu of degraded grassland, groundwater exploitation was strictly controlled, and more than 20,000 unreasonable wells were banned.

The delegation believes that the pattern of land and space development in Xinjiang has become increasingly clear, the spatial structure has been optimized, and the efficiency of space utilization has been further improved. A pattern of coordinated development of various main functional areas has been initially formed, and the synchronous promotion of economic development and ecological protection has been realized.

In the investigation, the delegation also found some typical problems in the western region and common to the whole country: the understanding of the cadres and the masses needs to be further unified and deepened, the institutional arrangements need to be further improved and implemented, coordination and convergence between the various plans, and ecological protection needs to be further strengthened. The supporting policies need to be further strengthened and perfected, and the supervision and evaluation system of planning and implementation needs to be established.

The Delegation pointed out that the natural ecology in the western region is fragile. If the development is not proper, the ecological damage will be more serious and the restoration will be difficult. Therefore, in the process of environmental protection and development, we should adhere to the priority of protection, deal with the balance between construction land, cultivated land protection and ecological environment management, and rationally determine the scale and intensity of construction land development.

In the course of development, plans will be drawn up everywhere, and the contradictions and conflicts among them have drawn the attention of the inspection missions. The delegation recommended that all localities should promote multi-disciplinary coordination of economic and social development, land use, urban and rural construction, ecological protection and other planning in accordance with the requirements of the planning of the main functional areas. All kinds of planning must be scientifically linked up on important indicators to form a chess game. The city and county governments should scientifically define the national spatial zoning, define the spatial proportion and suitable development intensity. Under the spatial framework, the layout refines the task of economic and social development, puts forward differential control measures, and forms the overall plan of economic and social development which commands the overall situation of city and county development.

In some places, due to restrictions on development and difficulties in economic development, some compensation is needed. The delegation believes that local governments need to foster a sense of responsibility for soil conservation, assume the main responsibility for protecting the sustainable development of the green mountains and waters, vigorously guard against "waiting for the necessary" and take the protection of the ecological environment as a kind of conscious, and firmly promote the planning and landing of the main functional areas. At the same time, the central government should also give more support to areas with fragile ecological environment, high population pressure and relatively undeveloped economic and social development so as to help local governments solve practical difficulties and problems. The mission also recommended exploring horizontal compensation mechanisms to guide voluntary consultation between development areas and eco-protection areas, resource exporting areas and resource developers, upstream and downstream river basins, and to compensate through financial subsidies, counterpart collaboration and co-construction of parks in accordance with the orientation of the main functional areas.

The delegation recommended that a special assessment of the implementation and effectiveness of the national planning for the main functional areas be conducted as soon as possible, and that the implementation be summarized and sorted out, and the achievements, accumulated experience and existing problems be summarized. They suggest actively summing up the successful experience of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and other provinces and municipalities in the practice of assessing the weakening economic aggregate, and further refine the assessment indicators according to the different missions undertaken by different regions in the construction of the main functional areas. For the key development areas, it mainly evaluates the economic growth, quality benefit, ecological environment protection, industrialization and urbanization level; for the restricted development areas, it emphasizes the ecological environment protection, weakens the evaluation of economic growth, industrialization and urbanization level; for the prohibited development areas, it mainly takes the ecological environment protection as the standard to advance. Evaluation.